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Investigation Finds Problem Nurses Stay On Job Amid Nursing Shortage
Propublica/The Los Angeles Times found that "the board charged with overseeing California"s 350,000 registered nurses often takes years to act on complaints of egregious misconduct, leaving nurses accused of wrongdoing free to practice without restrictions ... It"s a high-stakes gamble that no one will be hurt as nurses with histories of drug abuse, negligence, violence and incompetence continue to provide care across the state. While the inquiries drag on, many nurses maintain spotless records. New employers and patients have no way of knowing the risks."
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Impact Of Medicare Part D On Medical Spending Addressed By NEJM Study
After enrolling in Medicare Part D, seniors who previously had limited or no drug coverage spent more on prescriptions and less on other medical care services such as hospitalizations and visits to the doctor"s office, according to a University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health study. Published in the July 2 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, the study also found that seniors who had relatively good drug benefits prior to enrolling in Medicare Part D spent somewhat more on prescriptions and, at the same time, increased their spending on other medical care services.
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Fighting The Challenges Of Poverty
It is estimated that 1.4 billion people live in extreme poverty, on less than $2 a day. In 2000, 189 nations declared that they would "free all men, women, and children from the abject and dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty". These nations signed up to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to combat poverty by 2015. To help meet these complex challenges and "make poverty history" more knowledge and evidence is needed. A launch event Wednesday 22nd July 2009 at the Department for International Development (DFID) marks a new phase of research collaboration between the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and DFID which will provide more robust social science research to address poverty alleviation amongst the poorest countries and peoples of the world.
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A Cancer Gene Switch For Repairing Damaged DNA

Scientists at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology uncover how an important cancer gene, BRCA1, works by increasing the accuracy with which broken DNA is repaired. Women who inherit a faulty version of the BRCA1 gene are at a higher risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer. In a research paper appearing in Nature on 21 May, Dr Kevin Hiom and Dr Maximina H. Yun from the Cambridge laboratory describe how an important cancer gene, BRCA1, works by increasing the accuracy with which broken DNA is repaired and thus reducing the risk of cancers developing. Mutations in the BRCA1 gene are associated with a significant increase in breast cancer risk and with the onset of ovarian cancer. By studying the interaction between BRCA1 and a protein called CtIP, the scientists discovered a switch that causes DNA breaks to be repaired using another identical piece of DNA as a template. Using the template makes sure the correct genetic sequence is restored without mistakes, thereby reducing the chance of introducing harmful mutations. Lead author Dr Hiom said: "Our findings help us to understand of how breaks in DNA strands can be repaired in a way that preserves our genetic code so that harmful mutations, which may lead to cancer, are kept to a minimum. We use chicken cells because they repair their DNA in a similar way to humans. Also we can easily create cells lacking different factors involved in DNA repair to study in the laboratory what happens when these factors are missing." "Up to now, it was unclear how this accurate mechanism for repairing DNA breaks is turned on so we are very pleased with the result." Cancer is caused by alterations in the sequence of the genetic material DNA. These mutations often arise when DNA becomes damaged, for example, through the generation of DNA breaks. Sometimes this damage is repaired accurately to restore the original DNA sequence and other times it is repaired inaccurately to produce a mutation. Together BRCA1 and CtIP act on broken ends to enable the reconstitution of one strand of a DNA helix to generate a region of single-stranded DNA. The generation of this single stranded DNA tail, which becomes the template for repair, is a critical step in the initiation of accurate DNA repair. By promoting the interaction of BRCA1 with CtIP it might be possible to increase the levels of accurate DNA repair and reduce the frequency of cancer causing mutations. Medical Research Council


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